Plastic surgery is a specialty in medicine that seeks to correct or restore the appearance and working of various parts of the body. It is mostly regarded as a technique of enhancing aesthetic appearance of the body. However, it can also be used to correct impaired organs of the body, as seen in microsurgery and reconstructive surgery.
This practice can be traced way back to the 8th century BC in India. It was also common for ancient Romans and Egyptians to perform simple reconstructive techniques, such as repairing disfigured facial features. Physicians from Britain travelled to India to witness these processes being carried out, and this knowledge was consequently spread across the world.
In the 20th century, a New Zealand specialist was instrumental in the development of the modern practice. He mainly worked on soldiers who had sustained serious facial injuries in World War I. After this, the profession saw massive advancements through the century.
In this practice, skin tissues known as grafts are used in the reconstruction of damaged body elements. These skin tissues may be gotten from the body of the same individual, a different donor, or from a separate species.
Plastic surgery is planned with utmost caution in order for it to be a success. Openings are carefully planned in order for them to match the naturally occurring skin folds and lines. Cautious dressing of the wound is done and it is usually held using stitches made using special thread or wire. Sutures that remain conspicuous after the process is complete are then removed, and this produces an unnoticeable stitch.
This process is usually done to amend organs that have been impaired in function, which may be due to burns or injury. Abnormalities such as cleft palates/lips can also be treated using this technique. Any irregularities in the body, infections that blemish bodily features and make them dysfunctional, cancer and tumors can be corrected using plastic surgery.
The most common forms of this surgical procedure are breast augmentation, mending substantial skin cuts, tumor removal, and removal of scars from the skin. If a local tissue is not available, microsurgery is applied to enable the use of a tissue from another part of the body, and reconnected to local blood vessels to supply it with blood. It is useful in connecting miniature blood vessels, some as minute as two millimeters.
Appearance enhancement can also be done to willing persons through plastic surgery. This is a fast rising trend especially among wealthy persons and celebrities. It usually involves liposuction (a special technique of removing fat held beneath the skin), nasal and eyelid modification, and augmentation of the breasts. Laser hair removal and Botox procedures are non-surgical, but some medical associations classify them within the context of plastic surgery.
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